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Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR)

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What is a Cardiac MRI?

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Cardiac MRI) is an advanced diagnostic imaging study that allows for a highly detailed evaluation of the structure, function, and circulation of the heart and blood vessels. It is a non-invasive tool that does not use radiation.

Cardiac MRI is ideal for studying soft tissues such as heart muscle or valves. It provides three-dimensional images and allows the heart to be viewed in motion, making it a very precise technique for diagnosing various heart diseases.

What is a Cardiac MRI used for?

Cardiac MRI is used to:

  • Analyze the size and function of the heart chambers.
  • Detect damage to the heart muscle after a heart attack.
  • Evaluate congenital heart malformations.
  • Diagnose heart inflammation (myocarditis).
  • Identify cardiac tumors or masses.
  • Assess problems with heart valves.
  • Detect fibrosis or scars in heart tissue.
  • Evaluate diseases such as ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathies, or pericarditis.

How does high technology work in Cardiac MRI?

Cardiac MRI is an advanced technique that obtains detailed images of the heart and its structures without the need for surgery or radiation exposure. To achieve this, it uses:

  • Powerful magnetic fields: a high-intensity magnet (between 1.5 and 3 Tesla) aligns the protons of water in the body, which allows for the generation of clear images of the heart.
  • Radiofrequency (RF) waves: these waves cause protons to vibrate and, upon returning to their original state, emit signals that the machine translates into detailed images.
  • Synchronization with the heartbeat: During the study, an electrocardiogram (ECG) records heartbeats to capture images at key moments, allowing the heart to be observed in motion and potential anomalies to be detected.
  • Gadolinium contrast (optional): In some cases, a special contrast agent is injected to better visualize blood vessels and areas of the heart muscle that may be damaged.
  • Artificial intelligence and advanced software: Some modern equipment incorporates AI to improve image quality and reduce study time, making the process more efficient.
Cardiac MRI 2560x1707

What does the procedure involve?

Cardiac MRI is a simple, non-invasive, and safe study that provides detailed images of the heart. Below, we explain step-by-step how it is performed:

  • Preparation:

    Before the test, it is important to follow some recommendations. If contrast is to be used, your doctor may advise you not to eat or drink for 4 to 6 hours before the exam. You should also remove any metallic objects such as jewelry, watches, or piercings, as they can interfere with the MRI’s operation.

     

    If you have a pacemaker, metallic prostheses, or other implants, be sure to inform the medical staff so they can take the necessary precautions. In some cases, gadolinium will be used, an intravenous contrast medium that helps highlight images of the heart and blood vessels.
  • During the procedure:

    When you are ready, you will lie face up on a table that slides into the MRI machine. During the test, small electrodes will be placed on your chest to monitor your heart rhythm and synchronize the images with your heartbeats.

     

    The MRI machine makes loud noises while taking images, so the medical team will provide you with earplugs or headphones. It is also important to follow the technician’s instructions on when to hold your breath momentarily, as this improves the quality of moving heart images.
  • Afterwards:

    Once the exam is finished, the electrodes will be removed, and if contrast was used, the intravenous line. The procedure usually lasts between 30 and 60 minutes, and afterward, you can resume your daily activities normally. If contrast was necessary, it is advisable to drink water to help eliminate it from your body more quickly. This test does not require any recovery, and the results will be analyzed by your doctor to provide you with the appropriate diagnosis.

Recommendations for the test

For the study to be carried out safely and effectively, follow these recommendations:

  • Inform your doctor if you have a pacemaker, metallic implants, or health problems such as contrast allergies or kidney failure. This is important to ensure the test is safe for you.
  • It is advisable not to eat or drink for 4 to 6 hours before the exam if contrast will be used.
  • Wear comfortable, metal-free clothing. Be sure to remove jewelry, watches, or piercings before the test.
  • Remain as still as possible during the study to obtain clear images.
  • If you have claustrophobia, let us know in advance so we can offer you options to feel more comfortable during the test.

Are there any risks?

Cardiac MRI is a safe procedure, but as with any medical study, there are certain risks that depend on your health and personal situation.

  • Gadolinium contrast: Although allergic reactions are rare, some people may experience itching or a rash. In rare cases, people with kidney problems may experience adverse effects due to the contrast. In patients with severe kidney failure, there may be a very low risk of developing nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, a rare condition that affects the skin and other organs.
  • Discomfort from the intravenous line: If contrast is used, you might feel mild pain or bruising at the injection site. These discomforts usually disappear quickly.
  • Pacemakers or metallic implants: If you have a pacemaker, defibrillator, or infusion pumps, it is essential to report it before the test, as the MRI’s magnetic field can interfere with these devices.

Although these risks are rare, it is important to follow medical recommendations to ensure the procedure is as safe and effective as possible.

For your test to go smoothly, we ask that you arrive in advance of your scheduled time. This will allow us to complete the necessary administrative and clinical preparation.

Before the test, we will provide you with the Informed Consent form, a document with important information that you must read and sign.

If your appointment is for a Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), it is crucial that you inform us about the presence of pacemakers, metallic objects, prostheses (including dental ones), tattoos, or medication infusion devices, such as insulin pumps.

These diagnostic tests are very safe, but as with any medical procedure, there is a minimal possibility of incidence.

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